Execution
- 1Position the patient supine with the involved leg supported.
- 2Grasp the foot and controls tibial rotation.
- 3Apply valgus stress and axial load while moving the knee through flexion and extension.
- 4Observe for anterolateral tibial subluxation, reduction, or patient giving-way response.
- 5Compare with the uninvolved side.
Positive outcome
A giving-way sensation, visible shift, or apprehensive response is positive. The finding suggests anterolateral rotatory instability rather than isolated one-plane laxity. It overlaps clinically with pivot-shift family tests.
Studies
| Study | Reliability | Sn | Sp | LR+ | LR− |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jakob et al. (1981) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
CommentJakob's giving way test is historically important but lacks the modern diagnostic accuracy profile of standard pivot shift. It is best used descriptively by clinicians familiar with rotatory instability. Value remains low as a singleton.
Low Clinical Value